NAD+
The Cellular Energy Currency
The essential coenzyme for cellular energy production that declines with age, supporting mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and longevity pathways.
Research Compound
About NAD+
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a coenzyme found in every living cell and is essential for hundreds of metabolic processes. It plays critical roles in energy production, DNA repair, gene expression, and the activation of sirtuins—proteins linked to longevity. NAD+ levels decline by up to 50% between ages 40 and 60, contributing to age-related decline in cellular function. Direct NAD+ supplementation via IV or injection rapidly elevates cellular NAD+ levels, bypassing the conversion steps required by oral precursors like NMN or NR.
Mechanism of Action
NAD+ serves as a cofactor for enzymes involved in redox reactions (energy production) and as a substrate for sirtuins, PARPs (DNA repair enzymes), and CD38. Higher NAD+ levels enhance mitochondrial function, activate SIRT1-7 for gene regulation and stress resistance, support DNA repair mechanisms, and improve cellular metabolism. Direct NAD+ administration provides immediate bioavailability compared to precursor supplements.
How NAD+ Works in Your Body:
- Target Receptors: NAD+ binds to specific receptors that trigger downstream signaling cascades related to its primary benefits.
- Physiological Response: The body responds by modulating natural processes—whether hormone release, tissue repair, or cellular signaling—without replacing endogenous function.
- Timeline: Effects typically begin within a few days, with optimal results seen over the recommended protocol duration.
Dosing Protocol
Frequency
1-3 times per week (injection) or monthly (IV)
Timing
Morning preferred
Duration
Ongoing as part of longevity protocol
Important Notes
100-500mg subcutaneous injection. IV infusions typically 250-1000mg over 2-4 hours. Oral precursors (NMN, NR) are alternatives with different bioavailability profiles. May cause flushing and chest pressure during IV administration.
Clinical Research
3 studies on NAD+
Age-Related NAD+ Decline
NAD+ levels decrease by approximately 50% between ages 40-60, correlating with metabolic dysfunction.
Cell Metabolism
Sirtuin Activation
NAD+ supplementation activated SIRT1 and SIRT3, improving mitochondrial function and metabolic health.
Science
DNA Repair Enhancement
NAD+ repletion improved DNA repair capacity and reduced genomic instability in aged cells.
Cell Reports
Important Safety Information
Medical Disclaimer: The information provided about NAD+ is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new supplement or peptide protocol.
Research Status: While NAD+ has shown promising results in research studies, many peptides are still being studied and may not be approved by regulatory bodies like the FDA for specific uses. The research cited represents ongoing scientific investigation.
Individual Variation: Responses to peptides vary significantly between individuals. What works for one person may not work for another. Side effects, while generally mild, can occur and should be monitored closely.
Quality & Sourcing: If you choose to use peptides, ensure you obtain them from reputable, tested sources. Peptide quality, purity, and proper storage are critical for safety and efficacy.
Legal Considerations: Peptide regulations vary by country and jurisdiction. Some peptides may require a prescription or may have restrictions on their use. Research the laws in your area before obtaining or using peptides.